CNC is also very effective in the manufacture of single circuit boards as well as engraving of signs and front panels for appliance boxes, and recently CNC is used in 3D printers.

12.11.2019 | 513

Computer Numerical Control

CNC, Computer Numerical Control is a computer system for controlling workshop machines, or machines that are programmed numerically. 

With the help of the control system, complicated parts can be manufactured in a uniform and automatic way. 

CNC is also very effective in the manufacture of single circuit boards as well as engraving of signs and front panels for appliance boxes, and recently CNC is used in 3D printers.

The technology has also reached the hobby people over time. For example, "do-it-yourself CNC" is very common in Germany where there are many active designers in this genre. CNC machines can process both two-dimensional and three-dimensional using coordinate axes. Usually the machine has three axes (X, Y and Z) but up to 12 coordinate axes are present.

CNC codes

CNC codes are instructions for operating a CNC machine. There is a language where you program in blocks (rows). Each block is an instruction that is executed before the next block is executed. A block usually consists of a block number, a motion instruction coordinates, separated by spaces between each command / code. The blocks can contain much more information.

Example

One gives way to the wife and the radius. And also speed and cooling water. and maybe a stop for cutting or changing inserts.

N0100 G0 X100 Y0 Z0

N0200 G1 X200 Y0 Z50 F100 S1000 M3

N0210 G1 X100 Y0 Z10

N300 G1 X50 Y10 Z10

The N command first in the row is the block number. 

There is no constraint on which numbers or in what order to come, but it must start with an N.

 G command is the motion function, ie if the machine is to move straight, circular or, for example, drill a hole. 

X, Y, Z are coordinates in the machine's coordinate system. 

The F command is a speed indication. 

The S command is at which speed the spindle of the machine should spin.

 M-functions can be a bit anything, but in this case it is the code that tells the control system spindle to spin clockwise.

See also

CAD / CAM

Machining

FMS

Industrial robot

Categories: Mechanical EngineeringMetal Metalworking

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